English+Civil+War

=English Civil War=

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=== The **English Civil War** (1642–1651) was a series of armed battles and political conflicts between [|Parliamentarians]called Roundheads and [|Royalists]called Cavaliers. The [|first]war (1642–46) and [|second] war (1648–49) [|civil wars] pitted the supporters of [|King Charles I] against the supporters of the [|Long Parliament], while the [|third war] (1649–51) saw fighting between supporters of [|King Charles II] and supporters of the [|Rump Parliament]. The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory at the [|Battle of Worcester] on 3 September 1651. The Civil War led to the trial and [|execution of Charles I], the exile of his son, Charles II, and replacement of [|English monarchy] with first, the [|Commonwealth of England] (1649–53), and then with a [|Protectorate] (1653–59), under [|Oliver Cromwell]'s personal rule. The monopoly of the [|Church of England] on Christian worship in England ended with the victors consolidating the established [|Protestant Ascendancy] in Ireland. Constitutionally, the wars established the precedent that an English monarch cannot govern without Parliament's consent, although this concept was established only with the [|Glorious Revolution] later in the century.===

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